An Evolution Process For Service-Oriented Systems

Evolution of service-oriented systems is quite a new research area, which becomesmore and more important as engineering challenges move from enablingservice-orientation onto the maintenance and evolution of already developedservice-oriented systems. However, the development of suitable evolution processesand methodologies is still an open research problem. The evolution processpresented in this paper has been designed to address the evolution of serviceorientedsystems, which are technically built out of a set of service compositions.The presented process comprises phases and tasks compliant with ISO 20000.The underlying model of service-oriented system consisting of business processesand corresponding service composition models has also been presented. A traceabilitymodel and tools supporting change impact analysis have also beenprovisioned for. Preliminary industrial validation indicates that the evolutionprocess should be easy to adapt by the industry

The Berlin Republic. Evolution of Germany's politics of memory and German patriotism. OSW Point of View, August 2009

Important changes have occurred in recent years in the attitude of a majority of the German elite towards the history of the 20th century and the political identity built on collective memory. Until recently, the sense of guilt for the crimes of the Third Reich and the obligation to remember were prevalent. While these two elements of Germany's memory of World War II are still important, currently the focus increasingly shifts to the German resistance against Nazism and the fate of the Germans who suffered in the war. Positive references to Germany's post-war history also occupy more and more space in the German memory. In 2009, i.e. the year of the 60th anniversary of the Federal Republic of Germany and the 20th anniversary of the fall of Communism, the efforts of German public institutions concentrate on promoting a new canon of history built around the successful democratisation and Germany's post-war economic success. The purpose behind these measures is to build a common historical memory that could be shared by the eastern and western parts of Germany and appeal to Germany's immigrants, who account for a growing proportion of the society

Generic programming with C++ concepts and Haskell type classes—a comparison

Earlier studies have introduced a list of high-level evaluation criteria to assess how well a language supports generic programming. Languages that meet all criteria include Haskell, because of its type classes, and C++ with the concept feature. We refine these criteria into a taxonomy that captures commonalities and differences between type classes in Haskell and concepts in C++, and discuss which differences are incidental and which ones are due to other language features. The taxonomy allows for an improved understanding of language support for generic programming, and the comparison is useful for the ongoing discussions among language designers and users of both languages

Recent discoveries in preventing mental impairments and ICU staff interventions in post-intensive care syndrome

Introduction Mental impairments such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety are alarming problems in the ICU-survivors population because of the higher survival rate due to medical, scientific and technological progress. There are more and more patients facing long-term emotional consequences of critical illness. The main purpose of this review is to describe recent research about possible interventions and methods of prevention of mental impairments after an ICU stay made since 2015. Review methods The review was made using online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Brief description of the state of knowledge Recent trials included in our review suggest that the sedation strategy has no significant impact on mental impairments in ICU survivors. ICU diaries seem to be a well-accepted and cheap method of prevention of mental disorders after critical illness but their universal usefulness is difficult to determine because variable factors like hospital and country levels influence the trials on patients. Nurse-led intervention programs, virtual reality and antioxidants described in recent studies also show no significant decrease in PTS symptoms in ICU survivors. Initial effects of mobile apps-based psychoeducational programs are comparable to therapist-led programs. Summary We did not find any evidence-based revolutionary method of prevention or intervention to help improve the mental health of ICU survivors. We think that the growing seriousness of this problem will lead to further research to cope with this phenomenon

Modelling architectural decisions under changing requirements

Abstract-One of the approaches for documenting software architecture is to treat it as a set of architectural design decisions. Such decisions are always made in the context of requirements that must be fulfilled and in the context of decisions that were made before. Currently, models for representing architectural decisions are mainly concentrated on showing the decision making process of the initial architectural design. However, decisions that have been made in such a process may need to be changed during further evolution and maintenance of the software architecture, typically in response to the new or changed requirements. A graphical modelling notation for documenting architectural decisions (Maps of Architectural Decisions) has been developed by our team. In this paper, it is presented how this notation could be used to model architectural decisions under changing requirements. It is proposed how one decision change could be effectively propagated through the rest of the architectural decision model and how a rigorous and toolsupported process of updating such models could be organized

Diversity and transmission of Aleutian mink disease virus in feral and farmed American mink and native mustelids

Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV), which causes Aleutian disease, is widely spread both in farmed mink and wild mustelids. However, only limited data are available on the role of wild animals in AMDV transmission and spread. Our aim was to shed light on AMDV transmission among wild mustelids and estimate the effect of intense farming practices on the virus circulation by studying AMDV prevalence and genetic diversity among wild mustelids in Poland. We compared AMDV seroprevalence and proportion of PCR-positive individuals in American mink, polecats, otters, stone martens, and pine martens and used the phylogenetic analysis of the NS1 region to study transmission. In addition, we used a metagenomic approach to sequence complete AMDV genomes from tissue samples. In eastern Poland, AMDV seroprevalence in wild mustelids varied from 22 per cent in otters to 62 per cent and 64 per cent in stone martens and feral mink, respectively. All studied antibody-positive mink were also PCR positive, whereas only 10, 15, and 18 per cent of antibody-positive polecats, pine martens, and stone martens, respectively, were PCR positive, suggesting lower virus persistence among these animal species as compared to feral mink. In phylogenetic analysis, most sequences from feral mink formed region-specific clusters that have most likely emerged through multiple introductions of AMDV to feral mink population over decades. However, virus spread between regions was also observed. Virus sequences derived from farmed and wild animals formed separate subclusters in the phylogenetic tree, and no signs of recent virus transmission between farmed and wild animals were observed despite the frequent inflow of farmed mink escapees to wild populations. These results provide new information about the role of different mustelid species in AMDV transmission and about virus circulation among the wild mustelids. In addition, we pinpoint gaps of knowledge, where more studies are needed to achieve a comprehensive picture of AMDV transmission.Peer reviewe